Import, export and possession of endangered species are regulated by the Animals and Plants (Protection of Endangered Species) Ordinance, which implements the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Licensing policy follows the CITES principles closely. Commercial import and export of highly endangered species are prohibited, and international trade in less endangered species is subject to licensing requirements.

The ordinance is administered by the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD), and enforced by both AFCD and the Customs and Excise Department. It provides for penalties of up to a $5 million fine and imprisonment for two years. In 2004, 22 652 licences and certificates were issued and 278 successful prosecutions were conducted.