Imports, exports or possession of endangered species are regulated by the Animals and Plants (Protection of Endangered Species) Ordinance, which implements the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Licensing policy follows the CITES principles closely. Commercial imports and exports of highly endangered species are prohibited, and international trade in less endangered species is subject to licensing requirements.

The ordinance is administered by the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, and enforced by both the department and the Customs and Excise Department. It provides for penalties of up to a maximum fine of $5 million and imprisonment for two years. In 2005, a total of 24 632 licences and certificates were issued and 217 successful prosecutions were conducted.

The Protection of Endangered Species of Animals and Plants Bill was introduced into the Legislative Council in April. The bill aims to streamline the provisions of the existing Animals and Plants (Protection of Endangered Species) Ordinance, and to improve the current licensing system and control regime.