Under Article 24(2)(3) of the Basic Law, persons of Chinese nationality born outside Hong Kong of Hong Kong permanent residents shall be permanent residents of the HKSAR and enjoy right of abode (ROA). The Immigration Ordinance stipulates that in order for a person to qualify for ROA under Article 24(2)(3) of the Basic Law, at least one of his parents must be a Chinese citizen who has ROA at the time of his birth. The Government introduced the Certificate of Entitlement (C of E) Scheme on July 10, 1997, under which a person's status as a permanent resident of the HKSAR under Article 24(2)(3) of the Basic Law can be established only by his holding a valid travel document (i.e. a One-way Permit) with a valid C of E affixed to it. This arrangement enables systematic verification of ROA claims and ensures orderly entry. Since July 1, 1997, 130 000 C of E holders have entered Hong Kong.